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The Creative Inspiration Behind The Filet-O-Fish

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Greetings, friends!

Earlier this month, a Burger King in central London re-opened as an entirely meat-free restaurant.

Burger King Turned Its Flagship London Restaurant Meat-Free: Photos

I was curious, but can’t say that a ‘Cheeeze & Bakon’ burger was tempting enough for me to race to the tourist mecca that is Leicester Square to try it.

Also, why are they spelling ‘cheese’ that way!?

Burger King Leicester Square - Home - London, United Kingdom - Menu,  prices, restaurant reviews | Facebook

But it got me thinking about fast food restaurants – and how their menus have evolved over the years.

Vegan burgers may sound like an odd option for a hamburger chain, but do you know what else was a considered a crazy idea?

McDonald’s serving a fish sandwich.

The Filet-o-Fish first debuted on April 20, 1962 – and this week, I went fishing for its backstory. (Sorry, no more fish puns coming).

And I learned, McDonald’s introduced the Filet-o-Fish for a simple reason…

It’s easy to look at the success of McDonald’s and think you’d hit the jackpot if you were an early franchisee.

But, in 1961, McDonald’s franchisee Lou Groen was struggling.

LENTEN STAPLE. Lou Groen (above) came up with the sandwich idea (below) in the 1960s because he and his customers did not eat hamburgers on Fridays in Cincinnati. His legacy continues with his son and grandchildren (shown below, left to right): Grant Groen, Paul Groen, son of Lou and father of Grant and Erica, and Erica (Groen) Shadoin.
Lou Groen, one of the first McDonald’s franchisees

Groen was running the first McDonald’s franchise in the Cincinnati, Ohio area, and things weren’t going well.

His sales were low – especially on Fridays.

“I was struggling,” Groen recalled years later.

“The crew was my wife, myself, and a man named George. I did repairs, swept floors, you name it.

“But that area was 87 percent Catholic. On Fridays we only took in about $75 a day.”

Groen’s Catholic customers didn’t eat meat on Fridays or during Lent, and he needed to find a way to improve sales at the restaurant.

He noticed that one of his competitors in town, Frisch’s Big Boy, was having a lot of success selling fish sandwiches.

Groen did his research, investigating what the Big Boy chain was doing right.

He developed a special batter, experimented with different recipes, and made the tartar sauce for his new fish sandwich.

Then he took his idea – the Filet-O-Fish – to Ray Kroc at McDonald’s headquarters.

But Kroc wasn’t convinced.

“I told Ray (Kroc) about it and he said:

“You’re always coming up here with a bunch of crap! I don’t want my stores stunk up with the smell of fish.’” 

Groen did not know, but Kroc was also working on an idea for a burger alternative – the ‘Hula Burger’, consisting of a slice of pineapple and a slice of cheese on a bun. 

McDonald's introduced an "impossible" meatless burger in 1962 but it was  pineapple | Boing Boing
Who doesn’t want a pineapple and cheese sandwich?

So Kroc decided to make a wager with Groen to see which sandwich was more popular with customers.

“Ray said to me, ‘Well, Lou, I'm going to put your fish sandwich on (a menu) for a Friday. But I'm going to put my special sandwich on, too.

“Whichever sells the most, that's the one we’ll go with.’”

On April 20, 1962 (Good Friday), the Hula Burger and the Filet-O-Fish sandwiches went head-to-head in selected locations.

And it was no contest.

“I won hands down,” Groen said.

“I sold 350 fish sandwiches that day.

“Ray never did tell me how his sandwich did.”

Some sources say six Hula Burgers were sold that day.

The Filet-O-Fish was a hit.

It saved Groen’s franchise, and by 1965, became a staple on the McDonald’s menu nationwide.

Today, more than 300 million Filet-O-Fish sandwiches are sold every year.

The Fishy History of the McDonald's Filet-O-Fish Sandwich | Arts & Culture|  Smithsonian Magazine

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